The Contemporary Issues In Branding Marketing Essay

The Contemporary Issues In disgraceing Marketing leavenINTRODUCTIONThe history of the bulls eye capital of Minnesota metalworker is roughwhat crotchety and requires special attention. Indeed capital of Minnesota metalworker was non origin on the wholey do for the world of Haute Couture Fashion there but fate led him to this room there. Origin each(prenominal)y capital of Minnesota metalworker wanted to be a passe-partout cyclist but a terrible accident befell him which forced him to cede those dreams. But he conceived a passion for flair and sewing, so in 1970 he opened a small apparel store in Nottinghams hometown away from big name contrive based in capital of the United Kingdom. He decides to take evening classes in sewing and in 1976 he introduced his handsswear sight in Paris under the capital of Minnesota metalworker sword.In 20 days it is established as the British designers most prominent. He succeeded brightly blend with the contemporary and traditional Br itish while anticipating trends beautifully. capital of Minnesota metalworker has the ability to anticipate, and even spark off trends non only fashion goal in the wider context of popular culture (website capital of Minnesota metalworker 2009). Today the denounce has 12 variant collections, boutiques worldwide, a turnover of 171 m and sales be growing between 50-60% since 1993. (S Bruzzi and PC Gibson 2005). besides this reinforcement was no accident.Before discussing the dodge of the stag Paul Smith, we are evoke in what a blemish sum. Indeed for (American Marketing Association 1960) is a trade hybridization a name, term, design, symbol or any some other features that identifies iodin sellers pricey or service as distinct from other sellers Those gold. This means that each scratch is unequalled and requires the consumer to bind to it. A man does not give a woman a box of pocked chocolates Because she is hungry. Instead, he selects a spot that devolves something about his relationship with her. (Leslie Chernatony and Malcolm McDonald). In addition to a successful brand to penetrate the commemorateet it must develop a sound strategy A brand can not choke without a strategy.(CIM)In this sense we pull up stakes establish brand strategy Paul Smith and try to find ideas for future development.The mail indentity, Brand OnionThe strategy of a mark as said preceding(prenominal) prominently. Indeed the goal of strategy is to obtain a competitive advantage in the commercializeplace. From (Arnold, 1992) strategy for a brand is the means by which hurl established the brand in the consumers mind that he has the impression that the purchase gives it an advantage. In addition, a consumer generally does not retain 3 brands per fellowship of output where the goal for Paul Smith to be part of those 3 brands in this market highly fragmented and highly competitive. The strategy elect by Paul Smith is to position itself behind a mark of sumptuosity .To understand the process undertaken by Paul Smith would be voguish to start with the Brand Onion Analysis is a tool for canvass the brand identity. This tool represents a cross section showing the divers(prenominal) layers of positioning the brand Paul Smith. So we have a fount position which represents the internal brand identity and positioning the other position shows the external chain of mountains. However this model is far from complete since it does not contain the concepts of competition there is the concept of customer brand perception blot ONION PAUL SMITHWhich brings us to the theory of which Kapferer celoni to know the substantive identity of the brand Paul Smith must answer 6 questions are What is the brands particular aim?, What makes it different?, What is the need fulfilling brand?, What is its ineradicable nature?, What are its value or values?, What is its field of competency? Of Legitimacy?, What are the signs Which make the brand recognizable? (The sa ucily strategic brand management, Kapferer, 2004). By answering the questions we see that Paul Smith is preparedness to focus on the authenticity of growths with unique luxury design in truth British. What can be said that the brand Paul Smith is structure a true identity which has not changed since its inception. For proof, all these shops are the analogous worldwide. Furthermore it keeps a certain closeness to the customer because he does not hesitate to flummox out of these offices in the shop in London to advise customers on clothing or accessories. (Paul Smith website).The graphic brand excessively occupies an important place in the strategy of a mark to it which allows it to recognize a particular brand to a consumer and shall convey universe. Choosing symbols requires a clear definition of what the brand means (The New Strategic Brand Management, Kapferer, 2004, p 174). To brand Paul Smith that is characterized by the features of different colours. chase this we must determine the image of Paul Smith from Riezebos (2003) ne devilrks of knowledge elements stored in long term memory What mean all information of a mark stored in the long term and it gives credibility to a brand therefore the Paul Smith brand that is equivalent to the authenticity of a traditional British style, a luxury brand, International, contemporary lines of many colors dear, close, special design, fashion and quality at last.PositioningA brand to thrive in the marketplace must know its position. How To (Keller 2003). For this we use the points of resemblance and points of difference more generally known as POPs (point of parity) and PODS (points-of-differences). For the POPS we look at what is similar compared to these competitors and the PODS we look at what makes the difference. match to (Keller 2003) a mark must know who are the targets, competitors and how the brand is perceived by the consumer. The Paul Smith brand is therefore in a position of luxury, as head as trad itionalism contemporanee, quality, unity of design which makes a mark rich, impolite and authentic because it has managed to keep its guideline for it. This allows the consumer to recognize in Paul Smith a sure bet that a true story and remarkable expertise.DifferentiationBrand usually chooses the note strategy because it is a good way to outperform to their competitors. By differentiation it means superior quality, brand image or unique features. And as said Levitt (1980) there are four main phases of differentiation as look outingPotential product = product with brand universeAugmented product = Products with some differentiationExpected product = Basic expectations productsGeneric product = store brand productsIn others words, when we use this model to Paul Smith, generic and expected product is a basic store brand t-shirt. Although augmented product is a high quality and special design for a t-shirt and authorization product is the same one t-shirt with some brand image an d universe (values, identity).That is why it appears clear that Paul Smith offers a large range of potential product. Indeed, Paul Smith is a indulgent fashion brand but their offering is quietly different to Kenzo or Hugo Boss. Behind the purchase of Paul Smith clothes customer wants to defile design, quality, and history or also brand value What are peculiarity to Paul Smith.And this differentiation strategy is Paul Smith roots without this Paul Smith does not exist or exist as a basic fashion brand.Brand offstage and architectureBrand extension is when a company chooses to diversify their range of products by appealing to different members and a much larger audience. (Keller 2008) say using sub-brands to target stark naked market segment within the same product category.There are two main types of diversification related (which introduces products in the same range) and unrelated (which launches in different range).As Paul Smith is a famous fashion brand with a clear diffe rentiation strategy, unfold it would be easier by using brand notoriety through the launch of sub-brands to target tonic market segment within the same product category. Actually the incident to diversify its offers is a well-known practice which aims to gain market share.Therefore, citizenry who particularly enjoy the Paul Smith colored lines and spirit they could also have the choice in a larger range of products create as espouseingPaul SmithFragrance lotionAccessoriesWomenswearMenswearBags, purses, wallets, luggageSpectacles and sunglassesShoesFurniture rugs, chinaHats, scarves, gloves, socksCufflinksWatchesBooksStationaryPaul smith gifts collectionchinaWatchesJewelleryPaul smith jeansPaul smith red earPS by Paul smithPaul smith LondonPaul smith mainline menPaul smith swimwearPaul smith underwearPaul smith manPaul smithwomenPaul smith rosePaul smith sunshinePaul smith extremePaul smith blackPaul smith, mainline womenPaul smith byPaul smithPaul smith swimwearHence, betwe en all their sub-brands and whatever the segment or also the products there is coherence. Indeed, they all own to Paul Smith brand and then respect the brand image, values, style in a whole. This extension allows Paul Smith to increase their global sells and thus gives to the brand the opportunity to gain new-made customer. That is why, Paul Smith brand extension means more products but also more notoriety.Question 2The market for haute couture is to fashion is a highly competitive market that is perpetually changing, leaving room only brand who knew the value and who managed to speak with her. We will try to find solutions for 5 and 10 years for the brand Paul Smith manages to tag itself from other brands and thus register more in his style and values that make Paul Smith is a unique brand.To establish a sound strategy and propose ideas axis to follow it must primary know the fashion market, but also all the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threat of brand Paul Smith. We have therefore identified in the table below represents a SWOT and marketing mix with all these data. wherefore the fashion market is 130 billion euros in 2007 (Eurostaf, 2007), it is separate as follows volume. 15.9% for the Ready to Wear, Glasses 7.9%, Jewelry-watch 11.8%, 10.4% Leather, Footwear 3.9%, 3.1% accessory, Art House 1 4%, 23.4% and Wellness Wines and Spirits 22.5% (Eurostaf, 2007). However we must also assure the geographical location of purchasing volume to nominate new routes to follow consistent. America represents 33% of sales 29.1% Asia, Rest of World 2.4%, Europe 35.5% (Eurostaf, 2007).According to the figures and SWOT brand Paul Smith must mark covers a solid strategy and consistent differentiation in order to discern themselves in the short and long term.Collection (5 years)In this sense, and after the first analysis the brand Paul Smith should start in a new childrens collection, baby to broaden its range of consumer and thus particularise themselves. However this style of collection already exists for large brand like Kenzo, Christian Lacroix and therefore it will be difficult to prevail in this new market for already occupied by a great brand.Then it would be wise to make the brand more affordable punctual example by creating special collections for large chains ready-to-wear such as H M and Sonia Riquiel. The advantage is that it does not cost genuinely expensive to design for Paul Smith, more than it helps to know the brand to a wider range of people since it affects all socio scotch classes and therefore it allows it to include brand in the minds of people, which allows it to know more.Emergence (5 10 yearss)One notes from the figure that the Asiatic market represents 29.1% of share volume and the rest of the world represents only 2.4% so it certainly would make sense for the brand Paul Smith to extend further more in the Asian market by gap such stores in Vietnam, India, China or Russia are countries undergoing expan sion and economic growth. as well Paul Smith knows well the Asian culture and the market having already great reputation in Japan. He could easily hold it to end these new market very applicant Luxury.Fair-Trade (10 years)Ecology, organic products and clear trade are Fashionable. For Paul Smith is a chance to differentiate itself from other brands. In fact any luxury brand clothing offers no organic or fair trade. It would be very enkindle to offer clothes from organic cotton and fair trade as it is more justified are brand contemporary and traditional British register that fact in the times by offering luxury clothing but environmentally conscious and men who produce these fabrics. Also this will make mention of the brand Paul Smith tends the crack of a new market niche.Communication (5 yearss)The Paul Smith brand communicates only rarely and not at all entered into a dodge of advertising increased as one might see in any other brand. But even if that differentiates it from o ther brands it might in the long term to be forgotten and so therefore get danger. To avoid this it is imperative that the brand continues to propose partnerships with various industries positioned in other markets. Furthermore it would be wise to make a Sponsorship with great good-will as the fight against cancer and the fight against AIDS, which allow the brand to communicate citizen in the eyes of consumers and thus differentiate it from other brands Luxury to disembowel more customers. Finally, to continue this communication it is interesting that regularly offers worldwide shows presenting the new collections but also with the spirit Paul Smith with partnerships. Furthermore it could provide food for charitable continue branding citizen.ConclusionThe Paul Smith brand is a brand in itself and deserves his place among the greatest of Fashion. She knew how to accord a knowledge uncommon and has kept a single guideline that has originality. Despite increased competition she knew her escape unscathed by impartation an image identical across years. Nevertheless the figures show that the market is changing and it would be wise to find a new segment to differentiate itself from other brands. In the mainstream located above it will have a strong chance to continue in the next 10 years or even become a pioneer in some field and therefore develop a model for other luxury brands.

Analysing The Dowry System Religion Essay

Analysing The fortune System Religion Essay parcel or Dahej is the endure custodyt in cash or/and kind by the brides family to the bridegroom s family along with the giving outside of the bride in Indian conglutination. K any(prenominal)adanam is an important im come along of Hindu marital rites. Kanya subject matter young lady, and dana means gift. fortune originated in upper caste families as the wedding gift to the bride from her family. The percentage was after aband mavind to help with nuptials expenses and became a work out of indemnification in the subject field that her in- statutory philosophys mistreated her. It continues to be highly institutionalized. The groom often demands a dower consisting of a large sum of funds, farm animals, furniture, and electronics.The expend of portion abuse is rising in day by day. The nearly severe in bride burning, the burning of women whose portion was non mattered sufficient by their economize or in-laws. virtually of these incidents atomic sum 18 reported as inadvertent burns in the kitchen or ar disguised as suicide. It is discernable that there exist deep-rooted prejudices alongside women. Cultural manages oftentimes(prenominal) as the honorariumment of comp iodinent part tend to subordinate women in Indian order.When the serving amount is non considered sufficient or is not forthcoming, the bride is often harassed, abuse and made miserable. This abuse elicit escalate to the point where the economize or his family does burn the bride, often by hammering kerosine on her and illumine it, usually killing her. A muliebrity is burned to death virtually every twelve hours. The number of component part murders is increasing. In 1988-2209 women were killed in parcel related incidents and in 1990, 4,835 were killed. It is important to repeat that these atomic number 18 decreed records, which argon hugely beneath reported. tally to figures there were a total of 5,377 help ing deaths in 1993, an increase of 12% from 1992. Despite the existence of rigorous laws convictions be r atomic number 18, and judges argon often uninterested and susceptible to profanery.An accurate fork over is difficult to obtain, as statistics are varied and contradictory. In 1995, there were intimately 6,000 lot deaths.Many of the victims are burnt to death-they are do utilise in kerosene and club light to. Routinely the in-laws claim that what happened was simply an accident. The kerosene stoves employ in many poorer crime syndicate put ups are dangerous. When evidence of foul play is in addition obvious to ignore, the write up changes to suicide-the married woman, it is said, could not adjust to stark naked family vivification and after killed herself.2. IntroductionThe just to life of women in Pakistan is conditional on their obeying genial norms and traditions.fortune is engendern as gift but it be arranges violence when it is demanded. tenable component p art for a reasonable match was advocated in our male person-dominated society in the name of religion and culture, in some cases to deny a missfriend her section in the inheritance, They said share was a tenor of amicable security for the missy and more of a burden on the perplex to the extent that it some epochs made him commit suicide. component part is one of those complaisant course sessions which not better pile would possess up with pride, although many therefrom far adhere to this much deplorable practice. Dowry is continued to be elapsen and restrainn. Even among the educated parts of the society, dowry is continued to determine an prerequisite part the negotiations that suffer place in an arranged sum. Dowry deaths of a newly married bride are unflustered regularly in the news.Although it whitethorn not be possible to determine when and where these practices started, it can be estimation that dowry and bride price are subsequent to the organization of monogamy. A front for the origins of dowry would urinate to move backwards into antiquity afar. This is the same as saying that dowry and bride price came into being after the practice of monandrous union had become prevalent.Although the practice of dowry exists in many of the countries, it has been put on that the quantity of a challenge to the forces of modernity and modify only in sub-continent and the complex in the running of high class of the society. Many reasons are put forward for explaining this practice to compensate it. It is said that a dowry is meant to help the newly-weds to set up their own home with new scoreal hold things.Dowry as we all sock is paid in cash or sort by the brides family to the grooms family along with the giving past of the bride. The springer of Kanya-danam is an immanent aspect in Hindu marital rites Kanya = daughter, danam = gift. A reason for the origin of dowry could possibly be that the groom and his family had to reserve up the onerous liability of supporting the bride for the rest of her life.2.1 Duties and Rights of Husband and married woman after marriageAllah has informed us nearly the just rights of from apiece one new(prenominal) on us the married womans rights (with require to their economises) are equal to the (husbands) rights with regard to them, although men are a degree above them and Allah is Almighty, Wise.Quran 2 228The affirmation that men are a degree above than women means that ascendence within the household has been effrontery to the husband in preference to the wife because a heavier burden has been placed on his shoulders by an separate poetize of the Quran which saysMen shall demand full care of women, because Allah has given the one more strength than the early(a), and because they support them from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient, and guard in (the husbands) absence what Allah would fill them guard Quran 4 342.2 spousals as a financ ial transaction spring chicken married women are particularly vulnerable. By custom they go to live in the house of their husbands family surveiling the wedding. Dowry is just not the end in legal injury of transaction because the greedy parents of the groom do not end their curse. The wife is often seen as a servant of husbands family, or if she is working outside, as a source of income, but has no extraordinary relationship with the members of her new household and therefore no base of support the family. Some 40% of women are married in front the legal age of 18 years. illiteracy amongst women is very high, in some rural areas up to 63 %. As a provide they are isolated and often in no position to assert themselves.Demands for dowry can go on for years. spiritual ceremonies and the birth of children often become the occasions for further requests for money or goods. The inability of the brides family to comply with these demands often leads to the daughter-in-law being trea ted as a pariah and subject to abuse. In the worst cases, wives are simply killed to engender way for a new financial transaction-i.e. threat of second marriage marriage.The leave alone to obtain large dowries from the family of daughters-in-law, to demand more in cash, fortunate and other liquid assets, becomes vivid after leafing through pages of official reports that dutifully record the effects of gratitude, foreclosures, barren plots and cattle dying for need of fodder. Dowry becomes dreaded payments on demand that go together with and follow the marriage of a daughter.Newspapers are filled with pages of women seeking husbands and men advertizement their eligibility and friendly prowess, usually using their caste as a dicker chip by telling their military position positioning. A successful marriage is often seen by the wifes family as a means to advance up the social ladder. But the catch is that there is a price to be paid in the make a truck of dowry including furnish ing of room, garbled AC, complete furniture of a home, kitchen use things and electronic home appliances etc. If for any reason that dowry preparations cannot be met then it is the young woman who suffers in prostitute of violence and threats.The price of the groom astronomically increase and was based on his qualifications, occupation and earnings. Doctors, charted accountants, lawyers and engineers steady prior to graduation protract the marvelous right to expect a fat dowry as they make the most hunted after cream of the graduating and educated dowry association.3. OBJECTIVE3.1 Arranged Marriages and DowryWe are all familiar with the story boy meets girl, boy falls in kip down with girl, boy and girl gets married. For the preponderance of the western world, this is our subjectl of a great beginning to a perfect marriage. It is significant to realize that while Pakistan is much rationalized in some aspects they still keep to the tradition of arranged marriages. Marriages formed out of love love marriages do happen in Pakistan but it is not the part of custom. It is an accepted fact that a persons family depart play a use in choosing the marriage partner.It is significant to keep in mind that in Pakistani society an arranged marriage is seen as an act of love. Since marriage is one of the most important decisions a persons life he will ever make and because divorce is not accepted among the most families, it is urgent that the marriage choice is carefully thought out and planned by the head of the family. How can a young person make much(prenominal)(prenominal) an important decision on his/her own? Instead, the family (usually the parents) seeks for certain qualities in a life partner. Some popular traits are looked for in twain male and female are co-ordinated levels of education, matching cultures, close parental cities, matching religions, just to name a few of these.Potential brides also come under scrutiny by the boys parents. Since it is a ordinarily held belief that brides are the personification of that familys honor and pride, the girl must be from good family and puzzle good etiquettes. She should be respectable and have no stain on her name.Now before we make that frown of revulsion. The dowry system has been in practice since before the written record and it has been used by parents in every country imaginable, including USA in older times. The primary(prenominal) idea of the dowry system was to provide some kind of security for the bride if something unfortunate occurs with her husband such(prenominal) as death or divorce. As you can possibly imagine, daughters can be exceedingly expensive issue. Today this age can vary from 18-25 though exceptions do apply depending on socio-economic factors in the society.If a good dowry is not made, the girl is un likely to have a becoming match. This again, is typically random. While the dowry system is still in place, it has become more of a bride-price paying syste m. A proper match for a very poor family for marriage of their daughter into a somehow better financed family or a good match for a middle-income family might be finding a husband that is a renovate or engineer. As you have most sure as shooting guessed, there are a very few brides who in fact keep hold of their dowry after marriage.A good number practiced form of use of the dowry does not meant to be disgraceful and is far away more sensible for many families. More often than not, the brides dowry gets soak up into the household for the greater good of the entire family.Not only hatful who receive dowry but also blame those people who pay dowry. People from poor or middle class families who cannot afford to give dowry to their daughters are either killed, stressed, or are not interpreted home by their in-laws. Our country shoddily needs girls who daringly stood up against dowry. It should be stopped by us.4. HISTORY4.1 Woman can arrange a house better than manDowry system was introduced in many accomplishedizations after the passage of time in history this was introduced to share the burden in terms of expenses for settling a new household. In Athens the absence of dowry would call into question the legitimacy of the marriage. Kyrios (Guardian) was requisite to provide dowry to bride.In ancient Egypt during Pharaohs there was no sign of dowry as woman had right to inherit parents property along with brother. But When Greeks and Roman took control of Egypt signs of dowry began to appear gradually.In old-fashioned Roman time, it was responsibility of the parents to provide dowry to the bride, which was to be managed by her husband after the marriage. 8th century BC pre-Roman Hammurabi code of conduct parents was creditworthy for giving dowry to daughters. Rather Mother-in-laws role has more importance in creating this situation, mother-in-law had also gone through wives position in her past time and same wife, today being tortured, will repeat the same with coming(prenominal) sons of wife. What the sense seems as there is a woman psychology crumb thisMother-in-law has divorced daughter to be married away.An ego-clash for manage (one is on the promote seat and the other to invade queen seat) in the house or change in sons attitude after new womans arrival thus two women (two grinding stones) and son in between two (grain) is build from raw stuff to be flour. unfortunately, hate of wife and mother-in-law is all over the place in the world.4.2 Background ReasonsOriginally, the purpose of a dowry was to provide seed money or property for the establishment of a new household as the beginning of the new life, to help a husband feed and encourage his wife, and to give the wife and children some support if he were to die. This property was beyond the dowry (Greek parapherna, the root of paraphernalia) and was known as paraphernal property or extra-dotal property. virtuoso of the basic functions of a dowry has been to serve as a fo rm of defense for the wife against the possibility of ill treatment by her husband and his family. In other words, the dowry provides an incentive to the husband not to defile his wife. A husband thus had certain property rights in his wifes dowry. In addition, the wife might bring to the marriage property of her own, which was not include in the dowry and which was, as a result, she is alone responsible for(p).4.2.1 European invoice of DowryDowry was wide practiced in Europe before the European revolution. In Homeric times, the usual Greek practice was to pay an amount as bride price. Ancient Romans also practiced dowry, though Tacitus notes that the Germanic tribes practiced the reverse custom of the dower. Dowries were exchanged in the later true time (5th century BC).One unwashed penalty for the kidnapping of an undivided woman was that the abductor or rapist had to provide the womans dowry. Until the late twentieth century this was sometimes called wreath money, or the b reach of promise.The Domostroy, a Russian advice book of the sixteenth century, includes advice to set aside property for purposes of a dowry so that a women can also get equal rights in property, and use it accumulate linens, clothings, and other things for it, rather than have to suddenly vitiate it all for the wedding if the daughter should happen to die, the dowry should be used to give alms and for prayers for her soul, although some might be set aside for other daughters.In some areas of Europe, most recallable Eastern Europe, land dowries were very common. It was commonly given with the condition that he will take the surname of his bride, in order to continue the family name.4.2.2 Asian History of DowryDowry is a common practice in many Asian countries, including India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and many others. In India, where incidents of bride burning and dowry death acquired notoriety, the payment of a dowry has been forbidden under. Then 1961 Dowry Prohibition A ct in Indian civil law and subsequently by Sections 304B and 498a of the Indian Penal Code (IPC).electronic items like refrigerators, television and washing machines are given by the brides parents as part of a ceremony along with clothes, jewelry, shoes and many other accessories. In recent years there supposedly has been a skip over in dowry deaths even when law enforcing organizations claim that the situation is under control where as situation shows vice versa.4.3 The curse of MaterialThe practice of dowry is prevalent in India since olden times like centuries ago. The custom first started in Vaishya community of Hindu society but later all other communities in the Hindu society adopted this practice rapidly. Later, this practice spread into the Muslim society in places where Muslims lived as traders and not as rulers with Hindus in joint India. The unholy practice of dowry has sullen the blessed relationship of marriage into a profitable relationship which makes the life of chaste girls and their parents a hell, giving rise to suicide, corruption and moral degradation. The obstruction of dowry is directly connected to Muslims economic, social, educational and religious life.One of the reasons of these social evils is lack of knowledge and refusal with Islamic teachings and practices are not being implemented. Hundreds and thousands of educated and well mannered Muslim girls are leading unmarried lives or believe in late marriages. In a society where this is the case with unmarried girls, who will bother about the marriage of widows and divorcees? The Holy prophesier (P.B.U.H) and his companions have set many practical manikins for their followers by marrying widows and divorcees. Young Muslim girls have to lead unmarried life because of financial difficulties of their parents or because of the non-availability of appropriate matches and if matches are available then demands are very much high.4.4 Displaying wealth at marriage ceremoniesSome of us ha ve faithfully held onto the familiar theme of over-spending at our marriages and its related ceremonies only to cite the example of how insensitive can be the richer sections of this society to avoid an over and wrong display of wealth and prosperity. In the society like ours, this display could easily be regarded as a kind of crime or social disparity, argue some discriminating citizens who have been even candidly protesting about this extravagant and shameful side of our lives. They do not believe in simplicity, modesty and moderation. They do not understand that in their pretentious normal value of celebrating marriage ceremonies, or even birthday parties and anniversaries and other such occasions, they set poor examples for a Muslim society, and make the lesser privileged sections of society feel wretched.Lets see what has been suggested by Law and Justice Commission The relevant laws about marriage ceremonies, including the serving of lavish meals, decorations, aerial firing , cracking of explosives, and expo of dowry, should be appropriately amended to provide serving of a virtuoso dish to a limited number of guests, not exceeding 300, in the valima and baraat functions. It makes one think of the magical number of 300, and how a manipulation of such numbers can and does occur in our system.A person would like to state the challenges that are arisen, and the new complex, depressing contexts that have been created in the field of arranged marriages specially. Why dont we get example of simplicity from the role modal of all the Muslims through out the world Holy Prophet P.B.U.H that how he spent his life, how did he arrange marriage ceremony of his beloved daughter Hazrat Fatima R.A.? One is harshly referring to the financial side of the picture. For example, how the bride or groom with the fountain card or the immigrant status in the West is a valued customer in the business of marriage bureaus, and varied match-makers. Certainly, marriage bureaus ar e a flourishing lot these days. Even the trend of online marriages has been in widely practice now5. ANALYSIS OF DATA5.1 From Cradle to Grave on with cash and gold, the dowry includes cars, televisions, refrigerators and a house no matters whether or not the grooms family already having them is immaterial. And if the groom has a governance job, the dowry would include the bribe for a good posting at the desirable station.In 1999, their number was 3,886, 3,739 in 2000 and 3,191 in 2001. Some cases ended in suicide unintended death in police parlance but not at all. Taking into account 1,774 suicide cases in 1999, which came down to 1,632 in 2001, and 3,378 inadvertent deaths in 1999, which declined to 2,750 in 2001, it is clear that the problem of dowry continues to trouble women. And it is certainly no coincidence that nearly 80 per cent of the suicide cases and inadvertent deaths occurred in kitchens and the daughters-in-law were the only victims.Education and prosperity hav e only increase the practice of dowry. And prosperity has given rise to demands for costlier things. In fact, affluence is responsible for the system, she argues. All rich land-lords started the practice of giving riches to their daughters during marriage which behind became a tradition among all of the society. Dowry system seems to be common amongst a section of Muslims too, though in the Shariah it is prohibited. The better the grooms educational qualifications, the higher the demand is the dowry to make up for the expense incurred on his education. They prefer to call it voluntary aid from the brides family though. They name it the happiness of brides parents. Though, among tribes, the dowry system works in the overturn direction the grooms family pays out money.5.2 Dowry- main cause of domestic violenceDue to not giving Dowry to bride by her parents there has been a increase in death. Three examples are given here which are most likely to those which we read almost daily news papersYoung housewife burnt unrecorded for dowry by his husbandWoman ends life referable to dowry harassmentWoman killed for seeking dowryThe giving or receiving of dowry usually money or gifts to is black-market. But the practice remains far-flung in both rural and urban India with cases of women being tortured and even burned to death by their husbands and in-laws.5. 3 Worst DrawbacksDowry refers to a marriage practice in our society where gifts of cash or other valuable items are exchanged between the families of the bride groom. Dowry is paid in the form of cash, furniture, jewelry, property etc and it is paid before or during the marriage ceremony, sometime after marriage. The custom of giving Dory has changed it is now more essential part in good marriage and has taken a noisome form. This is a social practice carried out both in urban and rural areas in different manner according to the expectation.Violences related to DowryRape beatingAcid throwingFemale infanticideF orced suicideHomicide (as bride burring)According to researchers that dowry is the common cause to rise the domestic violence. Laws Implementation Strategies against Dowry Violence6. Dowry and IslamMost of the marriages are arranged in the entropy Asian countries like Bangladesh, India and Pakistan. There are lots of rules and regulations before and after marriages, especially in Malabar area. As for the arranged marriages, the initial step is arranging a broker to find out appropriate bride or groom. later the completion of this procedure the broker would play as an intermediary between the two parties. Next step is prenuptial investigation. Both parties would investigate each other (via relatives or neighbors) about the family back ground, lineage and financial status. If both parties are satisfied with the investigation, the next step would take place. If the boy and girl liked each other, the final step prior to the confirmation would take place. DowryEh..thats it..Dowry.Let s take a look upon the common people. How they manage to make a large amount (as for them) for dowry? They take severe struggles to give their daughters to appropriate grooms. Many poor families even tend to suicide due to this compulsory system if they have more than one girls to be married. Most of the divorces in India take place on account of dowry. After marriage some sisters would encounter severe harassments from husband or his family in terms of dowry. In this case, the wife can complaint against everyone whoever participated in this torture. As per the Indian Penal Code 498 A, the accused would be prosecuted with fine. Although the dowry makes many problems, the giving medicational parties and feminist organizations are keeping silence. Actually they dont raise their voice truly against the dowry system. They would only try to solve the individual problems. Plenty of dowry based marriages are going on with Malabar Muslims. Actually I dont know in which era this system cr ept into Indian Muslims. One who knows Islam and Quran will never support this kind of system which is contrary to Islamic law and culture. Allah apparently explained about dowry via Quran. Dowry is privilege of women (not men). She deserves it out of her husband on marriage.And give to the women (whom you marry) their Mahr (Obligatory bridal money given by the husband to his wife at the time of marriage) with a good heart Al Nisaa 44But if you replace a wife by another and you have given one of them a cantar (of gold i.e. a great amount) as Mahr, take not the least bit of it back would you take it wrong fully without a right and (with) a manifest sin? And how could you take it (back) when you have gone in unto each other, and they have taken from you a firm and strong covenant? Al Nisaa 420-21Explanation If any one of you wants to divorce his wife and replace her with another, you should not take anything from what you have already given the first wife, even it was a huge amount of wealth. The Mahr is given in exchange for the right to enjoy marital relations (Explained by Ibn Katheer).Its obvious out of the above verses that women hold a prominent status in Islam. Dowry should be given to her on marriage. Its her right. But people follow just opposite irrespective to these verses. Islam lets men to accept any gifts from bride or her family. But this gift should not be dowry or upon any persuasions. He can only accept this gift if they are providing it based on their own will. But people misinterpret it (deliberately) and consider it as a compulsory dowry system. In fact men undervalue the right of women. After receiving a huge amount as dowry from girls family, he gives a bit from it to her as Mahr.7. Conclusion outperform education is the best dowry. Parents are advised to educate daughters the best as the time has changed and it is time that education has more value in the fight market and fields have been opened for women to become entrepreneurs. Amount of dowry may be invested for her secured future.Girls parents should help reporting Governments or related regimen about the dowry demand by groom parents. Marriage with such boys should be discouraged as demand of excessive dowry means they do not want girl but money this would result to extortion after marriage by torture.Besides are arresting blacklisting in communities of dowry extorters most basics. Will help not only to deject, will also help other girl parents to keep away from such people.Our younger generation should come forward to rectify this trend and rejuvenate the society. They should set an example by neither demanding nor offering dowry. Those who demand dowry should be persuaded by explaining to them religious and Quranic commands. If they still persist in their evil demands, they should be socially boycotted and the matter reported to the police. Demanding dowry is a legal offence also. Anti-dowry committees should be set up. This will bring positive results for the unmarried daughters of the poor. These steps are in accordance with the commands of God and His Prophet. These will create a good society free of evil. Unless the younger generations volunteer for such noble tasks, no reformatory projects can succeed.8. SuggestionsDowry is considered as an illegal act and giving and taking dowry are panelized. Even it is in practice in rural and urban areas in different ways. Government should pass Dowry Prohibition rule Violence against Women and Children. Both government and NGOs should work together to fight dowry problem and the steps they should take against dowry areActivities against DowryCreating awarenessEducating women about the legal rightProviding legal assistanceEmpowering womenCampaigns against dowry

Challenges And Opportunities That Social Media Networks Offer Media Essay

Challenges And Opportunities That Social Media Networks Offer Media EssayTraditional media v/s innovative age mediaThe availability of digital media such(prenominal) as beam and mobile phones, the digital television and most importantly the internet, as a means for communication flummoxs Internet Marketing (IM) very different from the stuffy Marketing. McDonald and Wilson (1999) elaborately highlighted the key difference between conventionalisticistic media and new-fangled media. With busy emphasises on IM the authors proposed what they call The 6 Is of e-marting mix. The authors posit that the relevance of the 6 Is be twofold (i) they draw emphasis on the practical aspects of IM such as direct response and personalization and (ii) provide an understanding of strategic issues such as restructuring of the industry and the changes in the integrated channel communications.The 6 Is of e- marketing mixInteractivityIn the case of traditional media the marketing message is pred ominately broadcasted from a company to its rear audience, thereby implying the existence of a push factor. This per tropeance of communication provides petty(a) range for interaction with the customers. However, on the Internet, contact is initiated by the customer who, in most cases, is moderateking nurture, implying the existence of a pull factor (Deighton, 1996). discussionThe internet renders itself as a cost effective means of conducting market research. The internet is an particularly useful tool in gathering data about customer perceptions about the product/ service.Individualism (Fig 1.14) pg 30As illustrated in the diagram above, new media forms allow marketing communications to be tailored to the individual that the message is meant for, un corresponding in the case of traditional media wherein communication is mass media and the same message is disseminated to its audiences. (Lasswell 1984, Katz and Lazarsfeld 1955)Further, the inherent feature of personalisation that new media forms offer to marketers is an important building block in managing relationships with customers.Integration (diagram A New Marketing Paradigm for Electronic Commerce)The conventional marketing communication model witnesses a fundamental alteration in the presence of a hypermedia Computer-Mediated Environment (CME) like the internet (Hoffman and Novak 1996). The internet enables an increased scope for an integrated marketing communication.The CME communication model provides a platform for consumers to interact with all(prenominal) some other, the medium and the company itself. The most drastic departure from the traditional media is the opportunity for the consumers to generate content onto the medium. Hence, in the CME model the primary relationship is with the receiver and the CME, and not between the sender and the receiver, which is the case in traditional media.( Hoffman, 1996)The active role of the consumers makes it imperative for marketers to integrate the ir communication messages.Industry restructuring.Concepts such as disintermediation and reintermediation (Chaffey et al, 2003) are important considerations for companies that operate in a CME.Disintermediation refers to the attend of eliminating conventional intermediaries such as agents and brokers, who previously linked the company to its customers.Reintermediation is the process of creating new age intermediaries between the company and its customer, given the presence of the internet. These new age intermediaries are often referred to as cybermediaries (Shankar et al, 1996) and include practical(prenominal) communities like forums, fan clubs and user groups, search engines like Google and Bing , realistic resellers like amazon and eBay.Independence of locationThe internet provides the possibility of an increased reach of a companys marketing communications to the global audience. This can often translate into stretch international markets and audiences.Social media networks AN INTRODUCTIONSocial media networks, though a comparatively new terrain for most companies and brand managers had its humble beginnings when Open Diary was founded in 1950s with the intent to form a community of diary writers. A few years later, Tom Truscott and Jim Ellis introduced Usenet, letting its users post articles to its groups. (Kaplan et al, 2010). Dating sites that enabled its users to constrain profiles and even update pictures and online forums, which were the more(prenominal) user friendly and sophisticated versions of BBSs (Bulletin age Systems), are all building blocks of the social media networks as we k forthwith it today.With the line of achievement of time and the technological developments that.SOCIAL MEDIA NETWORKS OPPOTUNTIES AND CHALLENGESSocial networking sitesSocial networking sites like bet book, my space, twitter and orkut are platforms for Internet users to create individual profiles with personal information, make new friends and connect with ol d ones and even for business networking, in nigh cases.Users can use certain applications which help them connect to each other through instant messaging and sending emails between each other, creating personalized profiles for themselves which can be accessed by colleagues and friends etc. Such applications are know as Social networking sites. Personal profiles are highly specialised as they are suited to the users needs. He/she can upload audio files, videos, blogs as well photos into the profile which can be shared to other friends. Facebook is considered to be the largest social networking site and it is interesting to note that it was originally founded by US based Mark Zuckerberg who wanted to stay in touch with his friends in Harvard Unviersity. Myspace is also another pillowcase of a social networking site which has oer 250 million users worldwide.SNS are being apply for market research with respect to netnography as well as creating brand communities by different compa nies. SNS accept also been used especially well for promoting movies for example when film makers create a fan page of their movie which allows user to access information such as trailers, photos and download games for free. Similarly companies sponsoring football clubs hand used SNS such as Myspace to allow fans to feel closer to the teams they support. Apart from marketing their products through SNS other companies go to the extent of using SNS as a distribution channel for their products for example 1-800- flowers a US based flower store has allowed facebook users to send practical(prenominal) flowers to whomsoever they desire or send the real ones by directing users to their company website. practical(prenominal) WORLDSPlatforms which exhibit a 3 dimensional environment through which personalised avatar forms of users can interact with each other similar to how they would in real life are know as practical(prenominal) worlds. These virtual(prenominal) worlds could possibly be the best form of Social Media since they involve the maximum social presence of individuals rather than just now some aspects of social life. There are two forms of Virtual gentlemans.VIRTUAL GAME WORLDFirstly there are the virtual game worlds which involve users following strict rules through online role contend games (MMORPG). This has gained popularity and now even standard game consoles such as the Sony Playstation and the Microsoft X encase allow multiplayer options to connect with users all over the world. A famous example of a widespread virtual gaming world is the World of Warcraft which has more than 8.5 million users as well as Sonys EverQuest. These games have become such an important part of lives for some people that they start replicating their online role playing character in real life. It is also possible to leverage the popularity of virtual games into traditional communication campaigns. A good example is when Toyota used figures from the World of Warcraft into one of its car advertisements.VIRTUAL SOCIAL WORLDSThe second form of virtual words is the virtual social world which allows users to live a virtual life online. Similar to the virtual game worlds, virtual social worlds have users in the form of avatars all set in a 3D environment though there is one major difference which is the absence of strict rules to which users have to abide and stick by. This allows more room for immunity and self presentation and thus it has been slowly seen that users or residents of the realm transmit several aspects of their real life into the online world. (Haenlein Kaplan, 2009 Kaplan Haenlein, 2009a, 2009b). A perfect example for virtual social worlds is the Second Life application which was created by Linden inquiry Inc. This virtual world allows day to day activities such as talk to other users, walking and even enjoying virtual sunshine. Attention to detail goes a step further due to the possibility of designing own array and furniture a s well as buying and selling goods for virtual money. These virtual social worlds allow a large range of opportunities for marketers especially because they can get good market research virtually as well launch a product into the virtual market to see how it fairs.

Negative Impact Of The Bauxite Mining Industry Environmental Sciences Essay

Negative involve Of The Bauxite Mining In spread bring ou savour Environmental Sciences EssayThis study is an investigation into the banish clash of the bauxite tap in circularizery on the f locaternity of Myersville, St. Elizabeth. The research exit entailWhat argon the contradict impacts that the archeological site sedulousness has on the community of Myersville?What atomic number 18 the effect of the negative impacts that the community is faced with?How put up the negative impacts be wholeeviated?LITERATURE REVIEWAccording to Effects of befoulment by Scott Foresman, befoulment is defined as the addition of every message or form of energy to the purlieu at a rate faster than the environment can accommodate it by dispersion, decomposition, recycling, or store in some harmless form. The processing of alumina at ALPART generates dust thus emitting caustic soda and other waste products such as red dirty trailing and gases.Mr. Williams, personnel from the Rural Agric ultural growing Authority (RADA) forwardice in St. Elizabeth explained that certain tests eat been conducted on crops in which they afford ruled out diseases and insects and cod pointed to the dust emanating from the bauxite mining localize located in Nain, St. Elizabeth, as the main cause of the problems affecting residents crops.Mc Farlene O.A (2000), a draft author on the internet, said the major environment problem caused by the manufacturing is the disposal of the tailing, which forms an alkaline mud. These red mud lakes rooted in the percololation of caustic residues (sodium) into the underground aquifers in local beas. The environmental impact of Jamaicas bauxite mining symbolizes the majority of mining or heavy industrial operation. Bauxite mining, which is considered as surface mining, is fetch ex ecstasysive, noisy and dusty. Mining pits atomic number 18 oftentimes interspersed within small rural communities, on that pointfore requiring companies to relocate the people and or to m wizardtarily incubate them. An increasing appertain is the loss of habitat for Jamaicas unique plant and quick creature species likewise bauxite mining severely affects the piddle retention capability of the malicious gossip. The Jamaica mining act of 1947 reads exploits to remove top soil before mining, and restore it as part of the reclamation process. Two other environmental impacts of great concern is dust and caustic soda contamination. During a visit to ALPART port facility, stinting officials observed a considerable amount of alumina spilled on the quayage and a cloud of dust being carried downwind from loading equipment. It has been argued that the dust is chemicly inert however, it adversely affects the respiratory system, pollutes the residential cistern, and defaces property. The degradation of Jamaicas keen coral reefs along its south coast is as a result of alumina spilling during ship loading.An article titled Tailing wash-out result in death in Jamaica (2005, September 7) stated that a remediate mine tailing atomic number 18a in Myersville, Jamaica became a water grave for quintet people on July 16,2005, when heavy rainfall from hurricane Emily washed their car off a road and over a precipice. According to Lance Neita, ALPARTs ordinary relation manager, the bauxite mine which was digged thirty years ago belongs to ALPART and had been restored, rehabilitated and certified. Jamaica National clobber Agency (NWA) spokesman Stephen Shaw, said that erosion had taken place at the berth and guard rails should have been installed. The author of the report concludes that the ALPART tradition has been to slow local protest rather than to eliminate the source of the environmental problem. in that respect has been ongoing protest in Jamaica about the health and environment be of the bauxite and alumina operation.The writer Rampersad Ramsawak ( 2005) states that industries pollute water in a sort of ways and t hat in the first instance chemical plants such as oil refining, ammonia and urea plants release waste such as sulphur oxide, sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxide into the atmosphere. When it rains, the water becomes polluted with these chemicals thus forming pane rain. Acid rain contributes to fishes being killed in rivers and lakes similarly the soil becomes caustic and this stultifies the growth of plants and accelerates the corrosion of metal achievement on buildings.Rampersad also said that randomness pollution can be meliorated by the execution of instrument of legislations which prohibits echo levels over 80 decibels in residential atomic number 18as and also that persons should be educated on the effects of racket pollution. data COLLECTIONMyersville is a substantial community that has approximately two hundred (200) house holders. In rule to collect accurate data for the survey, the researcher decided to use primary winding and secondary sources of data collection in the form of questionn zephyres, interviews, textbooks and newspaper articles.The publicize of questionnaires was unitary of the most sui delay form of data collection because they require little time to be completed responses ar gathered in a standardized way information can be amass from a large portion of a group also respondents t unity confident in disseminating information because confidentiality is guaranteed and last but non least(prenominal) questionnaires can be completed at the convenience of the respondents in a relatively quick way.In coif to receive accurate information, it was figure that approximately cardinal (20) citizens inputs would be ideal. And these xx (20) persons would account for 10% of the creation of the two hundred (200) household members (10% of 200=20). These citizens were selected randomly by placing thirty (30) names in a box after which the box was ener cohereically shaken and the twenty (20) names ascertained.Twenty three (23) questio nnaires were prepared and turn over out to residents, with three (3) being additional in case all were not completed. Upon the distribution of the questionnaires, residents were attached a time write of genius (1) week in which to complete the questionnaires. However, at the end of the time frame given to residents, the researcher only needed twenty (20) out of the twenty three (23) that were issued.Alongside the questionnaires, interviews were conducted with some of the citizens who did not receive a questionnaire. The carrying out of interviews with the residents proved useful as the researcher was able to adapt the questions as necessary, clarify doubt, and realise that the responses are properly understood by reword and repeating the questions. The researcher could also pick up non verbal cues in detecting any form of discomfort, stress and problems that the respondent is experiencing.PRESENTATION OF information portend 1 Column Bar chart showing that lxx quin part (75 %) of the respondents spicy within 1 5 miles from the mining persistence, ten pct (10%) live within 6 10, five share (5%) live within 11- 15 and five per centum (5%) live within16 miles and over.TYPES OF befoulment AFFECTING THE RESIDENTSType of pollutionPercentage of respondentsAir pollution15% pissing Pollution15%Land Pollution10% complete 100%Noise Pollution60% tabularize 1 circuit board showing that sixty pct (60%) of the respondents are affected by make echo pollution, 15 per centum (15%) individually is affected by air and water pollution and the remaining ten percent (10%) is affected by take down pollution.Figure 2 Pyramid showing that sixty percent (60%) of the respondents are affected by pollution everyday, thirty-five percent (35%) is affected sporadically and five percent (5%) is not affected any at all.Figure 3 The above pie chart depicts alter caused by pollution.Thirty five (35%) said it causes worthless crop yield and infertile soil, thirty (30%) re spectively said the water gets contaminated and animals are affected and five percent (5%) said it causes irate rain.Figure 4 Donut showing honorariums true toward strong-arm.Thirty five percent (35%) of the respondents say that the company refills the tank with snowy water, twenty five (25%) said that the company replaces their roofing material twenty percent (20%) said that the company leases lands for farming, fifteen (15%) said that there is recompense for property damage and five percent (5%) that there is no compensation.Table showing compensations have towards healthCompensationsPercentage of respondentsProvide health separate45%Ask citizens to bring medical bill to company30%Relocate citizens25%Deny responsibilities0%Table 2 shows that the compensations received towards health are that the citizens are provided with health card game and a congeries of forty five percent (45%) said this, 30% said that the citizens are asked to bring the medical bill to the company tw enty five percent (25%) said that they relocate citizens and 0% said that they deny responsibilities.Figure 5 Pie chart showing that 100% of the respondents said that an anti-pollution method has been implemented.INTERPRETATION OF DATAThis survey is to find out what are the negative impacts that the mining patience(ALPART) has on the citizens of Myersville, the effects of these negative impacts and how these negative impacts can be alleviated.Figure 1 illustrates that 15 out of 20 respondents live between 1 to 5 miles from the manufacture, two (2) live within 6-10 miles and 11 15 miles and superstar (1) live within 16 miles and over. Persons living within one to five (1 -5) miles whitethorn be as a result of the availability of resources such as fertile soil for farming. These persons who choose to live there because of the fertile soil for farming whitethorn be one that grows and sells food items for a living. Also, a persons job may have caused them to live within such a clo se law of proximity to the industry as it is easier for them to get to work from there as it more economical for them. Those who live within six to ten (6 10) miles may be because of inheritance and often times when lands are familial persons do not bother to relocate, instead they live there and try to make themselves and their family members happy. The person living within eleven to fifteen (11 15) miles and 16 (16) miles and over may be because they had no choice that person not having any choice could be because they were in search of a fleck of land on which to settle and build their house and this plot of land that they came upon was of a reasonable price so the person just went forward and bought it. not having any choice could also be that that person was brought up in that community and when they came of age in which they could move out, they did not have the necessary resources such as money to move out and get on with their life.The types of pollution were depicted by figure 2. Noise pollution, having the most percentage, a total of sixty percent (60%) results from the heavy duty machines when they are extracting bauxite from the earth. Very loud noises accompany these machines when they are in use and noise can be very disturbing whether you are near or far away from it. Noise most times poses as a hindrance in one getting enough rest hence, this results in frustration. Fifteen percent (15%) of the respondents are affected by air pollution, this may be so because of the dust that is uprooted during the processing of the bauxite dust would be one of the main causes of air pollution. Water pollution is affected by fifteen percent (15%) of the respondents. This can be as a result of the chemical and dust that is in the air. In addition, it also results from oil spillage from ships that are docking in the harbor. Only ten percent (10%) stated that they are affected by land pollution. Land pollution is caused by debris that is washed on to the la nd and by negligent people who urge of their garbage inappropriately. Also, in open cast mining, huge holes are dug in the ground and these form dangerously deep mining pools. A lot of mining waste is left behind and these waste often contain several poisonous substances that seep into underground water.Sixty percent (60%) of the respondents said that they are affected every day. This is so because of the close proximity that they live to the mining industry. This would be within the surmount range of one to five (1 5) miles. Thirty-five percent (35%) stated that they are affected periodically this means that they are affected occasionally. In addition, these residents who are affected may be live within the range of six to fifteen (6- 15) miles. And this distance is much further away from the industry so the residents would not be affected as often as those who live at a closer proximity to the industry. Five (5%) percent is not affected any at all. These residents who are not a ffected would be those who are living sixteen (16) miles and over.Thirty five percent (35%) from figure 4 suggested that poor crop yield was one of the major damages caused by pollution this would be due to the fact that there is a removal of the surface soil during the extraction of bauxite. The topsoil contains all the essential nutrients needed for plant growth. Also, acid rain washes away nutrients from the topsoil, thus making it infertile. Residents say that animals are affected and there is a contamination of water. These responses account for thirty percent (30%) of the respondents respectively. Water becomes contaminated by the excessive dust and other impurities that are in the atmosphere and when consumed can cause great harm to the body. The contamination of water, removal of trees and pastures contributes to the loss of biodiversity. Acid rain being five percent (5%) affects residents cornerstone by corroding metals, burning up plants, affecting animals and contaminat ing insobriety water.There was some compensation that the Myersville community members receive towards physical damages. Among these compensations, the switch of water tanks with absolved water was the highest, having a total of thirty five percent (35%). This is so because the water is contaminated by acid rain and other impurities that are in the air and knowing that water is one of the basic necessities for survival, the industry therefore ensures that the residents have clean water for consumption. 25 percent (25%) of the residents says that the industry replaces roofing materials. Here it can be seen that the industry takes responsibility for damages done to residents roofing materials. These damages done to roof is said to have been caused by acid rain. Another compensation that the industry offers is paying for property damage, as was said by fifteen (15%) of the respondents. space damages could also have been caused by acid rain, as it causes the pigment on buildings to strip. Five percent (5%) said that no compensation was given this could be as a result of them not having any indicate to prove to the industry that the industry affects them in some way. These persons could also have been those who live at a far distance away from the industry.Not only is compensation given towards physical damages but also it is given towards residents health. A number of health problems that residents face are asthma attacks, lung cancer, allergies, difficulty breathing. Furthermore, a resident that was interviewed gave the response that the giving medication of the industry causes sinus irritation and bronchitis. As a result of these ailments, forty five percent (45%) of the respondents said that they are given health cards as a means of reducing the cost of medications. Thirty percent (30%) of the respondents said that they are asked to bring their medical prescription to the company. This serves as a means of proving that the industry does have a negative i mpact on residents health. Another compensation offered towards residents health is that the company relocates them. This would be for residents who are vulnerable to the negative impacts that the administration of the industry poses on their health (mainly the elderly). Residents never gave a response to the industry denying their responsibilities. This goes to show that the company is aware of different health issues that persons experience overtime due to the production process that is undertaken by the industry.One hundred percent (100%) of the respondents including those from the interview said that there has been an implementation of an anti-pollution method. One of the interviewee said that this may take the form of the industry reducing working hours, oiling and wetting the roads to reduce excess dust also the company relocates residents that are at risk of being affected by the running of the company.FINDINGSAfter receiving the responses from the questionnaire and intervi ew, it can be seen that pollution is a major problem although the industry is seek to alleviate it.Myersville is affected by pollution resulting from the Alpart mining industry.The researcher embed out that there are three (3) major types of pollution affecting the residents, namely noise, air, and water with noise being the most unbearable one as stated by sixty percent (60%) of the residents in table 1.It was also found out that residents that live relatively close to the industry are affected every day.Discovery was made that damages caused by the pollution are as follows infertile soil, contaminated water and animals are affected with infertile soil being the highest, a total of 35%. This is evident in figure 3.Compensations are given towards physical damages in the form of replacing of roofing materials, refilling of water tanks with clean water, and leasing lands for farming. However, refilling tanks with clean water accounts for the highest percentage (35%) and this can be seen in figure 4.Not only there are compensations given towards physical damages but also towards health. These compensations include provision of health cards and asking the residents to bring medical bills to the company. But out of the two, the provision of the health cards is the highest with a percentage of (45%) as can be seen in table 2.Upon the completion of the project, the researcher found out that there has been an implementation of an anti-pollution method.The smoke and dust that is emitted from the industry during the production process causing air and water pollution. The noise and the poor disposal of solid waste have also caused land and noise pollution, these pollution have caused infrastructural, agricultural, environmental and health problems to citizens on a regular basis.Before the company takes responsibility for the effects that the company has on residents, they investigate to get proof that the damage was sincerely caused by the industry.RECOMMENDATONSDurin g the investigation, the researcher found out that the industry is trying to alleviate the problem however, the researcher would recommend the following measuresBefore the commencing of work on a daily basis the road should be wet or oiled so as to reduce excess dust this should also be done on days when there is no work in progress.The company should practice afforestation and reafforestation this will help to reduce noise pollution and soil erosion.The company could provide residents with reservoirs that is free from pollutants and is properly cover the aim behind this is to ensure that resident always have a clean supply for consumption.Residents could be provided with ear protectors and dust masks so as to dampen the level of noise and lessen the harmful effect it poses on ones hearing ability and to lessen their intake of dust.Also, the industry could contribute to the using of the community in education by establishing an early childhood mental institution and also community centers also they can assist school children with fiscal assistance.The National Environment and Planning Agency (NEPA) is responsible for the implementation of programmes to ensure that air pollution is controlled. Therefore, what they could do is to monitor Alparts operation in order to ensure that excess dust is not being emitted from the industry that poses as a threat to ones health.

Benefits And Challenges Of Department Stores

Benefits And Ch solelyenges Of division Stores incision stores represent a turgid sell organization which stretch forths to consumers a large choice of goods and services. Consumers have the opportunity to comp atomic depend 18 expense, quality, and service at varied stores at the same time and in a limited place. So the club can profit from individual benefits other sectors. The strategy of F4U is not only to sell quality goods at a reasonable price , hardly also to offer a unique service .Its prices are neither as cheap as the lower end subdivision store, nor as expensive as the high-end store.F4U testamenting try to bring the straightaway attention of consumer through visual effects like layout, displays and colored posters and depart place itself directly in front of the shoppers. The bon ton wants, thereby, to entice dissimilar target groups and gain those other punctuates according to the motto good quality, appearance style, best price.In addition F4U intend t o retain its consumer through a bonus program and to collect their personal entropy to spend a penny an meat profile of individual consumers to target them with special offers and appropriate advertisements.Benefits and challenges of Department storesDepartment stores offer to the customer the direct experience to touch and feel the reaping and judge its quality as well as the possibility of lifetime the purchase as experience (Steinmann 201127) .The customer can try the vesture and take them immediately. Whereby the number of returns can be decreased. The face-to-face contact is of the essence(p) for many consumers especially for old people or people who hate shop online. Another advantage is the longer opening hours compared to specialty retail stores especially on Friday and Saturday.Department stores have also many disadvantages such(prenominal) as the existing of a concrete and inflexible location. Consequently, the location is a crucial factor for the obtain place. In this context, many consumers opine that, the flash-frozen opening hours and parking fees are unfavorable. In addition, the time moving picture, due to the travelling time, could be also a problem for some consumers (Heinemann 200819) Furthermore, department stores start several be for the fraternity such as lease be and staff costs.Catalog sellingCatalog selling as a channel for F4UCatalog selling is one of the most popular strategies apply in Fashion game. The approach involves the creation of a printed compile with a listing of products for sale.Every product is explicitly described and clearly illustrated with a picture to make the shopping experience as real as possible for the consumer. The catalog contains also a size chart to economic aid consumer choosing the appropriate size. F4U tries, across catalog selling, to expand its clientele and above all to attain consumers, who are not familiar with using the internet or who dislike to walk around the stores for buyin g clothes. The catalog will exemplify unalike ordering informations. The consumer can choose between ordering by telephone and entering the order at the online site.F4u will also offer its consumers various delivery options .They range from shipment directly to the consumers address, to delivering the goods to a F4u retail store or simply to a Packstation.Benefits and challenges of catalog sellingThe catalog shopping approach allows customers to shop comfortable without time pressure .It gives the company the possibility to reach various consumer groups. That may also increase the exposure of retailers to potential clients. The catalog represents essentially the showroom. According to Geller (2002, 148) Response The Complete turn tail to Profitable Direct Marketing if the catalog is the store, the written copy is the salesperson. sooner of waiting for the consumer, the company takes the initiative in presenting its products.Because payment is received in advance, retailers may n ot need to stock the merchandise and tie up their cash flow.The main disadvantage of catalog order is the difficulty to build trust and customer loyalty. In addition consumer mustiness wait a period of time to get their order. An additional vulnerability is the long come about times.Selling via catalogs could be very expensive because a catalog must be extremely well written and designed to move the shopping desire by consumers. Low response rates and high postal costs may make catalog selling to an unfavorable channel.electronic commerceelectronic commerce as a channel for F4UElectronic commerce or online shopping is the most effective way to brand your product line or services and to increase your visibility on line. It follows that a properly merchandiseed and visible online business will experience a growth of shoppers and a higher conversion rate (Inci, 2010) .Through a user-friendly and well designed website F4U will become a global presence. The company will also use sever al tools to raise the visibility of the website and the number of its visitors.This will allow the company to reach new target groups and markets. manage by the catalog selling, the consumer will have to choose between different payment and delivery options. The client can check a product in-store or online, see which stores currently have an item in stock, or verify its availability at a specific store.The Online shop will make it possible for consumers to shop 24 hours a day, 7 eld a week.Benefits and challenges of electronic commerceElectronic commerce combines a mixing of benefits. It allows reaching consumers without a geographic limitation. By these means the size of the market will expand from regional area to the national one or peradventure from national to international. In addition the company can ever so change the listed prices for several or edit the website in just a few clicks. Using the online selling can reduce many costs like logistical problems, the costs of distribution, of processing or of storing informations. By contrast, the company can increase the quality of services. Furthermore e-commerce makes it possible to generate consumer data and to evolve an individualized consumer profileElectronic commerce has many advantages but also disadvantages. According to Rajarman (201011) an important disadvantage is that Many persons go shopping for social contacts, touch and feel and bargaining before buying items. E-commerce will de-personalize transactions. . Other persons are afraid of hackers and avoid giving their credit rag numbers. Sometimes the item description is not enough for a close to buy them because many items need to be felt and touched. Rajarman (201012) mentions also that online-business transgress the catalogues and prices to competitors. The advantage of secrecy of traditional mode of doing business is lostReferencesHeinemann, G., 2008. Multi-Channel-Handel Erfolgsfaktoren und scoop out Practices ( Multichannel trade s uccess factors and best practices ). Berlin Springer DE.Inci, D., 2010. optimum7. OnlineAvailable at http//www.optimum7.com/internet-marketing/ecommerce/internet-marketing-and-online-shopping.htmlAccessed 17 November 2012.Rajarman, V., 2010. Essentials Of E-Commerce Technology. New Delhi PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd.Steinmann, S., 2011. Kundenkontakte und Kundenkontaktsequenzen im Multi Channel Marketing Ausprgungen, Determinanten und Wirkungen ( Customer contacts and customer sequences in Multichannel marketing developments, determinants and effects ). Wiesbaden Gabler Verlag.

I am a Filipino Through the Eyes of an American Citizen Essay -- Histo

I am a Filipino Through the eye of an American CitizenIn Websters New Dictionary, level is defined as a study of past events course of life or existence. Without history, we wouldnt know our cultures, where we came from, and the major events that changed the world. This is true for many people, because some of them dont know their culture or their families history. People of color, especially many minorities who argon born in America (second generation) tend to not learn their histories, for they work to adapt to the American lifestyle which make them lose a dissipate of their identicalness. Another reason why many second generations dont know their history is that many are learning the American history or many of them are not asking or spontaneous to question the teacher virtually their history. As for myself, I fit in to that category, because I am unrivalled of the many people who dont know their ethnicitys history, which is Filipino. Now in the year 2001, Im in college and wanting to learn and question my peoples history. College is matchless of the best sources to learn your history (DeGuia). In learning my history, I questioned my wiz Rex DeGuia (who is also Filipino) about his life experience and compared his life with my life experience, in which we both have some similarities and differences.Rex DeGuia, a man who identifies himself as a Filipino man, was born in December 4, 1971. He has four family members, whom he loves dearly, and was born in the United States of America, which makes him a second-generation citizen. He lives in a predominately white city of San Fernando Valley. This is one of the reasons why he is Americanized. Growing up was hard for him, for he felt like an outcast. As for me, I overly was born in America, ... ...Supervisors. We want to learn more about our identity because its an adventure to find your history about your people and about yourself. Overall, DeGuia and I are similar in some things and different in other t hings. The reason why I chose him was because he played a big part in my life in finding my identity. In high school, he was pushing me to join the club so that I can understand the FOBs (Filipino-born) experience. In Balboa High, there is segregation between the Filipino Americans and the Filipino-born. The reason I wanted to join was because I wanted to plug into the Filipino Community, and I found it as a challenge for me to do before I leave high school, and be remembered as one of the founder of the Club Mabuhay.Work CitiedDeGuia, Rex. Interview by Xander, 30 April 2004, San Francisco, CA, taping Recording. Chomp On This Vol. One, San Francisco.

To the Editor :: Weapons Mass Destruction War Essays

To the editor in chief There is I1 no proof of weapons of weapons of mass destruction, and unretentive substantial proof that Saddam Hussein Supported Al Qaeda. For the last course and unity half, George W. Bush and his administration have told us about Iraqs large production of biologic weapons and how Iraq was supporting Al Qaeda, but wheres the proof. I2 The cardinal main reasons the United States invaded Iraq were because, of stock piles of weapons and Saddam Husseins link to Al Qaeda . Lets start with the weapons of mass destruction. There were I3 some(prenominal) satellite photos showing mental synthesiss that were pretend to be making chemicals for germ state of war and new(prenominal) various chemical weapons. These photos show only buildings and no other proof that Iraq was making these bombs. The U.S. still had the United Nations weapons inspectors investigate these findings and report them to the certification Council. The U.N.s Chief weapons inspector Hans Blix Reported there was non pregnant evidence from ariel photos to prove there were any chemical weapons. Hans Blix said himself, If I had solid evidence that Iraq retained weapons of mass destruction or were constructing such weapons I would have taken it to the Security Council. Shortly after these findings were reported, chairman Bush prepared a speech accusing Baghdad of building such weapons. This shows before the U.S. even went to war in Iraq , there was little to no evidence to invade Iraq, at least because of weapons of mass destruction. I4 To this date, the U.S. has not found any substantial evidence to support its I5 actions in Iraq. In April of 2003 shortly after the invasion started, semi trailers were seized near Baghdad. The trailers were suspected to be portable labs to produce biological warfare agents. The trailers and their contents were soon tested to see weather they had any of the five main biological warfare agents. All tests were returned negative of these chemical agents. As this shows, there is I6 no proof of weapons of mass destruction, even after the U.S. had invaded and occupied Iraq for the last year and a half.

Disparity Between Dunce and Genius in Tooles A Confederacy of Dunces E

Disparity BetweenDunce andGenius in Tooles A union of Dunces When a true friend appears in the world, you may know him by this sign, that the dunces are all in confederacy against him. -Jonathan fleet In Swifts words, there is a potential for the existence of a genius, indicated by the group of dunces acting in opposition. In A Confederacy of Dunces by John Kennedy Toole, Ignatius J. Reilly plays both parts of the genius and the dunce. As Ignatius plays both parts, the roam of Fortuna determines the path of events in his life although he is not aware of it, Fortunas spin is also determined by his actions. Just as the wheel is circular, so are the events in his life. Ignatius moves through his own bildingsroman, showing qualities of a genius in his words and qualities of a dunce in his actions at the darkness of Joy, Levy Pants, Paradise Vendors, and (to complete the circle) again at the Night of Joy. At the opening of the novel, Ignatius and his mother escape the clutches of the police by go in a nearby bar, the Night of Joy. Ignatius and his mother meet Darlene and the bartender in the sudden visit. As he speaks to Darlene, Ignatius stories are unimportant but he tells them in an elevated fashion. Although the content may be trivial, Ignatius uses words that pay the stories sound significant. For example, in his story about vomiting on his tour in a Greyhound Scenicruiser, he says, that was the notwithstanding time I had eer been out of New Orleans in my life. I think that perhaps it was the lack of a center of orientation that might have agitate me(10). Ignatius continues to speak in an educated style to the bartender, even though his communicate is condescending. Ignatius tells him that, it is your duty to sile... ... he is labeled a dunce. He does finally undo free from the circles of Fortuna when he runs away to New York with Myrna Minkoff, but his freedom is only circumscribed by a new location. The reader is left to mean that Ignatius will create more circles and spins in New York. In Confederacy of Dunces, Toole emphasizes the disparity between the bodily dunce and the intellectual genius to accent the impossibility of separating the mental and physical capacities of his characters. Works Cited and ConsultedClark, William Bedford. All Tooles Children A training of A Confederacy of Dunces. Essays in Literature 14.2 (1987) 269-280.McNeil, David. A Confederacy of Dunces as Reverse Satire The American Subgenre. Mississippi Quarterly 38.1 (1984-1985) 33-47.Toole, John Kennedy. A Confederacy of Dunces. Grove Weidenfeld New York, 1980.

Analysis of the Boat Scene in Gustave Flauberts Madame Bovary Essay

An Analysis of the Boat Scene in Gustave Flauberts Madame BovaryAs Gustave Flaubert wrote the novel Madame Bovary, he took special care to examine the relationship amongst literature and the effect on its readers. His heroine Emma absorbs poetry and novels as though they were book of instructions for her emotional behavior. When her mother dies, she looks to poetry to decide what degree of mourning is competent when she becomes adulterous she thinks immediately how she is like the women in literature that she has read about. In one scene, Emma is with her second lover, Leon, rowing in a boat, and she begins to sing some(prenominal) lines from the poem Le Lac by the romantic poet Alphonse de Lamartine. The poem is about deuce lovers rowing on a lake as well, which is undoubtedly why Emma chooses this special(a) verse to sing. However, Lamartines piece expresses much more than the serenity of love, a learning that Emma fails to see. By having Emma naively invoke the words o f Lamartine, Flaubert brings the heaviness of the poem to a scene of otherwise lighthearted beauty. This poetic reference not notwithstanding suggests a greater depth to the scene, but also serves, through the afford of Flaubert, to allude to the death of Emma. Flaubert refers to Lamartine at the beginning of the novel when Emmas mother dies. Emma allow herself meander along with Lamartine, listened to harps on lakes, to all the songs of dying swans, to the falling of leaves, the saturated virgins ascending into heaven (28). Emma uses this poetry as a way of inducement herself into sadness she reads his poetry as a way of finding the adept mood for her mourning. However, imitation of grief is the only thing that she achieves her readings afford her no great insights other ... ...he irony of her words. Ultimately, the scene between Emma and Leon is just as fleeting as with Lemartine and M. Charles their happy moments fade into something darker. Just as Emma cannot v isualise the importance of the words she sings, she does not understand the gravity of the moment she is in. only(prenominal) the reader is aware of this depth, a depth achieved through the careful maneuvering of Flaubert. whole shebang Cited and Consulted Berg, William J. and Laurey K. Martin. Gustave Flaubert. refreshful York Twayne Publishers, 1997. Flaubert, Gustave. Madame Bovary. Trans. Geoffrey Wall. London Penguin Books 1992.Maraini, Dacia. Searching for Emma Gustave Flaubert and Madame Bovary. Translated by Vincent J. Bertolini. Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1998. Steegmuller, Francis. Flaubert and Madame Bovary. New York Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1968.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Essay -- Philosophy, Political Science

The concepts of liberty and individuality experienced a critical tilt in meaning and understanding as Europe shifted from the 18th atomic number 6 Enlightenment era to the age of political economy and utilitarianism of the 19th century. This crystallise distinction can be seen when comparing the works of enlightenment psyche Jean-Jacques Rousseau to authors of the 19th century, including utilitarian John Stuart Mill and communist Karl Marx. The fundamental differences in the ideas of liberty and individuality between the two centuries can be attributed to the political, economic, and societal climates of each authors time.Rousseaus interpretation of liberty was that of true, untrammelled freedom. However, this form of liberty only exists in the state of constitution, and thus termed lifelike liberty. Rousseau maintains that the law of nature is the law of self-preservation and individuals have no example craft toward each other. In order to protect themselves and their prop erty from others, individuals may assure to a loving contract in order to form a society that is beneficial to all. The contract functions on the basis of a coarse obligation between society and each individual, and is fulfilled by a surrender of natural liberty in exchange for a moral and political freedom. The general volition, which is the will of society as a whole, always desires the common good, says Rousseau. Civil society is thus governed by the general will of the body politic that desires the common good. It is interesting to note that Rousseaus social contract theory essentially abolishes the ideas of the individual, and instead adopts only ideas common amongst all. This is a key factor that distinguishes 18th century philosophy with that of following century. Rousseau... ...rkets. The nature of Capitalism makes this so, since the primary goal is to increase efficiency and profit. By taking over other markets, the consumer and labor pool populations are both enlar ged. The unvaried advancement and revolution of technology was also a pattern Marx had noted. With change magnitude productivity resulting from changing technologies also came instability and anxiety, since improvement of machines meant the replacement of homo work and job insecurity. These largely negative aspects of capitalism motivate Marx to create verbally the critical The Communist Manifesto.By closing analyzing each authors work, it can be said that the contents of their respective books were indeed a result of the environs the author had been exposed to. As a result, the ideas of liberty and individuality changed as times changed, leading to the differences between the centuries.